The Beholder’s I: The Perception of Beauty and the Development of the Self

A consideration of the perception of beauty immediately bridges the subjective and objective. To what extent is beauty residing in the object and to what extent is it a property of the subjectivity of the perceiver? Is beauty an objective feature of the object, like color, for example, which nonetheless needs to be perceived and therefore configured by the observer? Or is there some more complex relationship between the beauty that we seem to perceive “out there” and the state of our internal development? The dualistic framing of that would place beauty either out in the world or as an aspect of the self itself implies an overly dualistic view of the self and the self’s environment. I will explore a view that the average development of individuals within a society determines structures of group consciousness, and one element of each structure is aesthetic, meaning that it configures the perception of beauty

A Re-evaluation of Kanji Textbooks for Learners of Japanese as a Second Language

As perhaps one of the most difficult areas of Japanese as a second language (JSL), kanji pose a number of problems for the foreign learner. A glance through a small sample of JSL kanji textbooks will reveal the wide range of kanji learning methodologies used to overcome these difficulties. These methods are, on close analysis, often based on inaccurate or over-generalised assumptions on kanji, which can be traced back to the central belief that kanji are essentially a logographic script. Naturally, there are differences in learners and their environments which must be considered when creating JSL kanji learning materials, though psycholinguistic research has shown that most kanji cognition and production processes are essentially universal. It is therefore possible that a re-evaluation of kanji texts and learning materials used by native speakers may yield ideas which could facilitate JSL kanji learning in both the introduction and application areas, and duly enhance the learner’s kanji competence. As with all other linguistic representations, kanji do not exist in a vacuum; they only assume their phonological and semantic qualities when they occur in context. It is therefore only logical to study them with consideration of this fact, along with an understanding of their multi-faceted and complex nature. Stripping kanji of context or any of their equally important representations may adversely affect JSL learners’ cognitive structure to a greater degree than it eases their learning burden. The principles inherent in the Communicative Kanji Teaching approach seem to best address these concerns, and their application into JSL kanji texts would seem to be both practical and worthwhile

League tables for orthodontists

The aim of this study was to explore the complexities in constructing league tables purporting to measure orthodontic clinical outcomes. Eighteen orthodontists were invited to participate in a cost-effectiveness study. Each orthodontist was asked to provide information on 100 consecutively treated patients. The Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON) was used to assess treatment need, complexity, and outcome prior to, and on completion of, orthodontic treatment. The 18 orthodontists were ranked based on achieving a successful orthodontic outcome (ICON score less than or equal to 30) and the uncertainty in both the success rates and rankings was also quantified using confidence intervals

Assessing the Level of Knowledge on Physical Fitness Procedures of Keep Fit Club Members in Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

The purpose of this study was to conduct descriptive survey of knowledge and practices of physical fitness among keep fit club members in Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. The study sought to find out the related practice keep fit club members in question engage in to show the basic principles they need to keep fit, differences in the knowledge level between literate and illiterate members and the benefits participants derive from keeping fit. Data was collected from a sample size of 100 respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. It was revealed that most of the physical exercises are not common to some instructors of keep fit clubs. Some members of keep fit clubs don’t know the importance of some other practices like enough rest and regular check on their health. Also, members only treated minor injuries themselves. Most members think body composition is more important than cardiovascular development and are aware of health importance of keeping fit. It was recommended that they should find ways of helping their members to measure their improvement while keeping fit. Keywords: Knowledge, Keep fit, Exercises, Aerobic activities

Evaluation of Physical Fitness Related Practices of Keep Fit Club Members in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

The purpose of this study was to conduct descriptive survey of practices of physical fitness activities among keep fit club members in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. The study sought to find out the related physical fitness activities practices keep fit club members in question engage in to show the basic principles they need to keep fit. A sample of 100 respondents was selected for the study. The instrument used to collect data was questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. It was revealed that most of the physical exercises are not common to some instructors of keep fit clubs. Some members of keep fit clubs don’t know the importance of some other practices like enough rest and regular check on their health. Also, members only treated minor injuries themselves. Most members think body composition is more important than cardiovascular development and are aware of health importance of keeping fit. It was recommended that they should learn more activities in other to vary their exercises. The issue of diet control must also be emphasized and resting as well. The duration of physical fitness activities must at least travel beyond 30 minutes. Regularity of keeping fit must also be looked at. Keywords: Physical fitness, Keep fit, Aerobic activities, Principles of fitnes

Assessing the Factors that Motivate Keep Fit Club Members in the Cape Coast Metropolis to Engage in Physical Fitness Related Activities

The purpose of this study was to conduct descriptive survey to investigate factors that motivate keep fit club members in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana to engage in physical fitness related activities. Data was collected from a sample size of 100 respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. It was revealed that most members in the Clubs keep fit mainly because of health reasons. It was recommended that keep fit clubs should find ways of helping their members to measure their improvement while keeping fit. They should learn more activities in other to vary their exercises. Keywords: Keep fit, Exercises, Aerobic activities, Healthy livin